Section I - INTELLIGENCE HIGHLIGHTS

Researchers Discover New Global Cyber-Espionage Campaign. Security researchers have identified an ongoing cyber-espionage campaign that compromised 59 computers belonging to government organizations, research institutes, think tanks and private companies from 23 countries in the past 10 days.

The attack campaign was discovered and analyzed by researchers from security firm Kaspersky Lab and the Laboratory of Cryptography and System Security (CrySyS) of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics.

Dubbed MiniDuke, the attack campaign used targeted email messages - a technique known as spear phishing - that carried malicious PDF files rigged with a recently patched exploit for Adobe Reader 9, 10 and 11.

The exploit was originally discovered in active attacks earlier this month by security researchers from FireEye and is capable of bypassing the sandbox protection in Adobe Reader 10 and 11. Adobe released security patches for the vulnerabilities targeted by the exploit on Feb. 20.

The new MiniDuke attacks use the same exploit identified by FireEye, but with some advanced modifications, said Costin Raiu, director of Kaspersky Lab's global research and analysis team, on Wednesday. This could suggest that the attackers had access to the toolkit that was used to create the original exploit. [Read more: Constantin/CSO/27February2013]

Lawmakers Accuse Obama Prosecutors of Lying about Espionage Probe at NASA. Congressional leaders are challenging a U.S. Attorney's denial that the Justice Department shut down a federal espionage investigation involving the illegal transfer of U.S. space defense weapons technology to foreign countries, including China, The Washington Examiner has learned.

Melinda Haag, the U.S. Attorney for Northern California, also denied that she had ever requested authority to prosecute anybody as a result of the espionage investigation.

But Sen. Charles Grassley, R-IA, and Representatives Lamar Smith, R-TX, and Frank Wolf, R-VA, say Haag's denials don't square with evidence they've reviewed and they wonder if Justice Department or White House officials interfered with a potentially explosive espionage investigation or if "politics played a role in the prosecutorial decisions made in this case."

"Your statement conflicts factually with information we received from federal law enforcement," Wolf, Smith and Grassley said in letters sent today to Haag and Assistant U.S. Attorney General Lisa O. Monaco questioning the abrupt end to an FBI national security investigation and grand jury probe.

At the center of the controversy is cancellation of a national security probe once led by Assistant U.S. Attorney Gary Fry. Frustrating attempts by foreign powers to steal U.S. space weapons technology have long been priorities for the FBI, the Department of Homeland Security and NASA's Inspector General. [Read more: Pollack/WashingtonExaminer/28February2013]

Defense Intelligence Officials Say Automatic Budget Cuts Put Development of Spy Tools at Risk. The Pentagon's top intelligence officials say looming automatic budget cuts and the downturn in defense spending put the development of essential intelligence-gathering tools in jeopardy.

Michael Vickers, the undersecretary of defense for intelligence, told a House subcommittee Wednesday that the Pentagon is investing in systems to counter cyberthreats and nuclear proliferation and also establishing the Defense Clandestine Service, a military spy agency that works with the CIA to gather intelligence.

He says the budget impasse and the prospect of further deep cuts put those investments at risk. [Read more: AP/27February2013]

Cuba Says U.S. Blocking Access to Paroled Spy. The Cuban government complained Wednesday that U.S. officials are not granting consular access for an intelligence agent who walked free from prison in 2011 but was ordered to remain in the United States during his three-year parole.

A Foreign Ministry statement that was e-mailed to reporters and published on the front page of Communist Party newspaper Granma said the Cuban Interests Section in Washington has presented "several alternatives for continuing regular consular visits," but the U.S. State Department rejected them.

It accused Washington of violating the 1963 Vienna Convention governing consular access, and called it an attempt to continue punishing Rene Gonzalez, one of the so-called Cuban Five, even after his release.

"This deliberate and cruel decision also represents an additional punishment that is added to the already strict conditions of Rene's supervised release," the statement read.

A State Department official contacted by the Associated Press was not immediately able to comment on Gonzalez's case. [Read more: AP/27February2013]

Arrest Warrant Issued for Canada's Former Spy Watchdog. Quebec issued an arrest warrant on Wednesday for the former chair of a watchdog overseeing Canada's spy agency, accusing him of fraud against the government, accepting bribes and conspiracy.

Arthur Porter was named in the warrant along with four other men embroiled in allegations of fraud swirling around the construction of a Montreal super hospital.

Porter sat on the Security Intelligence Review Committee, which investigates complaints about the Canadian Security Intelligence Service, from 2008 to 2011, and had clearance to examine top-secret information held by the spy agency.

He quit the committee and his job overseeing the construction of the McGill University Health Centre in 2011, after concerns were raised about his dealings with a businessman who has admitted to past roles in coup plots and arms deals. [Read more: AgenceFrancePresse/27February2013]

Lebanon Spy Suspect Held in Cyprus Admits Hezbollah Ties. A Lebanese man on trial in Cyprus on charges of spying and planning attacks on Israeli targets has admitted belonging to Lebanon's militant group Hezbollah, media reported on Thursday.

Arrested in the port city of Limassol in July last year, Hossam Taleb Yaacoub faces eight charges, including conspiracy to commit a crime and of participating in a criminal organization.

He denied planning any attack when his testimony was read out at the Limassol criminal court on Wednesday, but admitted to being a member of Hezbollah for the past four years, while insisting that he worked solely for the group's political branch, the Cyprus Mail reported.

The defendant, who has dual Lebanese and Swedish nationalities, said he received orders from a masked Hezbollah operative called Ayman and was told to stake out hotels on the holiday island frequented by Israelis, including in Limassol and Ayia Napa.

Cyprus police have refused to comment publicly on the case, describing it as a "sensitive political issue". [Read more: AFP/21February2013]

Intelligence Report Warns Against Militant Islamists. In its latest report, the Norwegian Intelligence Service concludes that militant Islamism remains the largest terror threat against Norway and its interests.

The Intelligence Service has presented an evaluation of current terror threats against Norway. "Focus 2013" is the third open report presented by the agency.

The Intelligence Service works to collect information about other countries' military strength, political and social development that could pose a threat to Norway.

Although right-wing extremists can be a threat to Norway, as we saw in the case of Anders Behring Breivik in 2011, the Intelligence Services have concluded that militant Islamism remains the largest threat towards Norwegian interests. [Read more: Ryland/NorwayPost/5March2013]

Vladimir Putin's Chief of Staff Muses on their Time as Young Spies. Sergei Ivanov, a former defense minister, also recalled how he and Mr. Putin had struggled to keep straight faces when instructed that "idiotic" Communist Party methods could help them in the recruiting process.

Mr. Ivanov, 60, the head of Mr. Putin's presidential administration, said the two men were taught at Leningrad's KGB headquarters by senior former "Illegals" - the term which is still used for deep cover espionage officers working abroad, such as Anna Chapman, the glamorous businesswoman who was exposed as a Russian intelligence operative in the United States in 2010.

He said in an interview with a Russian newspaper that he and the future president met after university in the city - now St Petersburg - on becoming officers "in one very small unit of one very big organization called the KGB."

Mr. Putin, also 60, was a KGB officer from 1975 to 1991, reaching the rank of lieutenant colonel, but he has never spoken in detail about his work in the spy agency. [Read more: Parfitt/TheTelegraph/5March2013]

Section II - CONTEXT & PRECEDENCE

Selling Secrets to the Mainland: Military Espionage in Taiwan. Cross-Taiwan Strait relations between China and Taiwan have thawed in recent years. China, who until the late 1970s was firing artillery shells toward the island nation, has supposedly taken a softer approach to what it considers a renegade or breakaway Chinese province.

Added to this uptick in recent bilateral relations is current Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou administration's pro-China stance. However, beneath the surface the Sino-Taiwanese dynamic is more complicated than ever. Beijing, who still has not renounced the use of force to bring Taiwan under Chinese control, is malevolent. The Middle Kingdom has stepped up its espionage efforts in Taiwan, to such an extent that Taiwan's military defensive capabilities have been compromised and Taiwan's relations with the US, the supplier of these defense systems, has been damaged.

Just in the last year, events have unfolded, rocking this island nation of nearly 24 million and throwing its military back on its heels. In March 2012, a Taiwanese captain who worked at a regional operations center north of Taipei was detained on suspicion that he gave intelligence to China. He had assistance from an uncle that ran a business on the mainland. Taiwan's early-warning radar systems were compromised, the country's air-defense command and control systems and also surveillance aircraft.

On January 4, a retired Taiwanese naval officer, Chian Ching-kuo was indicted for spying for China. Chian had served as chief of the missile section on a naval warship before retiring in 2009. He was accused of passing secret intelligence to China about Taiwan's 2011 plan to send warships to Somalia to protect Taiwanese fishing boats from pirate attacks. However, the Taiwanese plan was aborted due to political concerns.

On February 5, according to the Taipei Times, Taiwan's High Court sentenced retired air force Lieutenant Colonel Yuan Hsiao-feng to 12 life sentences for passing classified military information to China over a period of six years. And, last October, Chang Chih-hsin, a former chief officer in charge of the political warfare division at the Naval Meteorological and Oceanography (METOC) office, and two other Taiwanese military officers were arrested on suspicion of espionage. Chang reportedly leaked classified submarine nautical charts and information about waters around Taiwan.

The Chang case could turn out to be one of the biggest spy busts in Taiwan since 2011 when Taiwanese Army Major General Lo Hsien-Che was lured into spying for China during his time in Taiwan's representative office in Thailand. The general was caught in what Taiwan's Central News Agency (CNA) called a "honey trap." In other words, Lo gave up secrets for cash and sex. [Read more: Daiss/TheIndependent/27February2013]

How The CIA Keeps Employees Happy. Obviously, the CIA is not a perfect place, and the job isn't for everyone. As with any job, there are pros and cons to the undercover profession. The bureaucracy can be maddening, advancement can be slow, and there are plenty of incompetent jerks, just like in any large organization.

Yet the clandestine service manages to retain many officers whose skills, education, and experiences would allow them to pursue their choice of opportunities in the outside world. In fact, the retention rate in the clandestine service compares very favorably to the private sector. So why do the employees stay?

A big part of the reason for the impressive retention is because of the CIA's mission. Case officers believe in what they do, and they like making a difference in the world. The travel opportunities, the glamour of the job, and the excitement also keep people around. But while these factors are not fully replicable in the corporate world, the CIA also utilizes a number of organizational strategies that can certainly be duplicated by private employers to keep talented and in-demand employees happy and productive.

The following organizational structures and strategies used by the CIA are listed not only because they appeal to high-performing individuals, but because they also contribute to high-performance for organizations. [Read more: Carleson/FastCompany/1March2013]

Long-Ago Wiretap Inspires a Battle with the CIA for More Information. Paul Scott, the late syndicated columnist, was so paranoid about the CIA wiretapping his Prince George's County home in the 1960s that he'd make important calls from his neighbor's house. His teenage son Jim Scott figured his dad was either a shrewd reporter or totally nuts.

Not until nearly 45 years later did the son learn that his father's worries were justified. The insight came in 2007 when the CIA declassified a trove of documents popularly called "the family jewels." The papers detailed the agency's unlawful activities from long ago, including wiretapping the Scott home in District Heights. The operation even had a code name: "Project Mockingbird."

Jim was floored: The CIA really did eavesdrop on Dad.

Now Jim, 64, a retired Navy public relations officer who lives in Anne Arundel County, is waging an operation of his own against the agency. For the past five years, he has sought to declassify and make public any documents Langley might still have on his father and why he was wiretapped.

So far, the CIA has released to Jim a handful of intriguing documents. But Jim has been trying to compel the agency to cough up more. A federal declassification review panel is reviewing Jim's case and could decide as soon as this month whether to direct the CIA to release more Mockingbird documents.

"I don't have any animosity for the CIA," said Jim, whose father died at the age of 80 in 2001. "I respect what they do. But they make it extremely difficult for the average citizen to interact with them. It makes me wonder what they are still trying to hide about my father." [Read more: Shapira/WashingtonPost/2March2013]

The 'Secret Agents' of the UK Press. In December 1968 the state-controlled Russian newspaper Izvestia ran a series of articles accusing several high-profile British journalists of being spies - listing their names and alleged codenames.

The articles caused a storm of protest in Britain: the Russians were claiming journalists and editors at the Sunday Times, the Observer, the Daily Telegraph, the Daily Mail and the BBC worked directly with MI6.

The Soviets' evidence for all this? A cache of documents they claimed were MI6 memos, and which looked to have been photographed with a miniature spy camera.

One showed a table listing each publication, the journalist or editor MI6 had as its contact there, their codename and the codename of their MI6 "handler".

Another discussed the procedure for the BBC to broadcast prearranged tunes or sentences that could be used by MI6 officers in the field to prove they were acting on behalf of the British government.

At the time, the claims were dismissed as nonsense by all the newspapers and journalists concerned. The head of the BBC's External Service - later renamed the World Service - called the articles "a fantastic example of secret police propaganda".

It is true that during WWII the BBC had broadcast coded messages to British secret agents behind enemy lines, and that some journalists had worked with MI6 in producing propaganda. But could such activities have really continued into the post-war peacetime period? [Read more: Duns/BBC/2March2013]

Section III - COMMENTARY

Digital Spying Burdens German-Chinese Relations. Very few companies in Europe are as strategically important as the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (EADS). It makes the Eurofighter jet, drones, spy satellites, and even the carrier rockets for French nuclear weapons.

Not surprisingly, the German government reacted with alarm last year when EADS managers reported that their company, which has its German administrative headquarters near Munich, was attacked by hackers. The EADS computer network contains secret design plans, aerodynamic calculations and cost estimates, as well as correspondence with the governments in Paris and Berlin. Gaining access to the documents would be like hitting the jackpot for a competitor or a foreign intelligence agency.

The company's digital firewalls have been exposed to attacks by hackers for years. But now company officials say there was "a more conspicuous" attack a few months ago, one that seemed so important to EADS managers that they chose to report it to the German government. Officially, EADS is only confirming there was a "standard attack," and insists that no harm was done.

The attack isn't just embarrassing for the company, which operates in an industry in which trust is very important. It also affects German foreign policy, because the attackers were apparently from a country that has reported spectacular growth rates for years: China.

During a visit to Guangzhou during February 2012, German Chancellor Angela Merkel praised China's success, saying it is something "that can be described as a classic win-win situation."

But the chancellor could be wrong. [Read more: DerSpiegel/25February2013]

Cyber War: China is the Cyber Espionage Capital of the World. China has long been considered by computer security experts to be one of the most active state actors in cyberspace, especially for its alleged widespread use of cyber espionage to steal economic and technological secrets from the U.S. and its economic rivals across the world.

Though China has long been regarded as an active cyberspace power with a long track record in cyber espionage around the world, this accusation comes with some new details: the People's Liberation Army (PLA) is directly involved with cyber espionage against the U.S.

In the past few days, Mandiant, a Virginia-based information security firm, has accused one of China's secret military units of conducting cyber espionage on a wide scale, including the theft of data from 141 companies in 20 important industries.

The details of this stern accusation are detailed in a 60-page report highlighting the work of this secret Chinese cyberwarfare unit operating out of Shanghai, which will do little to improve China's reputation in cyberspace and beyond. [Read more: Zhou/PolicyMic/29February2013]

Our Security and Intelligence Agencies Must be Held to Account. But Without Secrecy, a Secret Service Cannot do its Job. "You don't expect that sort of thing happening on your street." The words of a local taxi driver after the conviction last week of three would-be suicide bombers from Birmingham.

Court reporting offered a tantalizing glimpse of some of the techniques and capabilities that brought the plotters to justice. Skyfall? Unlikely. The real intelligence work that saved lives will have involved painstaking efforts to find first the relevant haystack among many, then find and extract the needle from the right haystack. Torture as portrayed in Zero Dark Thirty? Certainly not. Key information will have been provided voluntarily, by members of the community, by our friends overseas. They deserve our thanks, and our absolute assurance that confidences will be protected.

I understand the argument that the reason the Security and Intelligence Agencies are obsessed with secrecy is because they want to avoid accountability. But as former Intelligence & Security Coordinator and Agency Head I know it to be wrong. Intelligence organizations that cannot protect their techniques and sources will not survive for long. Compromise them and they will dry up and we will be less safe.

Yet rightly we still hanker after reassurance over what may have been done in our name. When allegations are made we have a right to know if these really do reflect something having gone wrong in the system which needs to be put right. To be clear, this should not simply be an aspiration. It is a necessity, for us as citizens and for the intelligence officers who keep us safe. There must be public confidence in their work for them to operate effectively. Without this confidence sources evaporate. [Read more: Omand/TheIndependent/3March2013]

Section IV - Letters to the Editors, Obituaries, Research Requests, Books, Jobs and Coming Events

Letters to the Editors

Re: al-Qaeda's 22 Tips for Dodging Drones. Your excerpt from an AP article on AQ's 22 ways to counter drones contains the disturbing assertion that the document captured in Mali shows a level of �coordination between al-Qaeda chapters, which security experts have called a source of increasing concern...� 

Many of the 22 methods are updated versions of simple, common sense camouflage and deception techniques that have been around for a very long time. The only interesting new methods dealt with the use of commercially available technical equipment like the Russian-made �sky-grabber� to intercept drone communications and/or conduct electronic countermeasures. Press reports reveal that we actually discovered this vulnerability in Iraq in 2009 and, presumably, took measures to encrypt downlinks to prevent further exploitation. See: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/dec/17/skygrabber-american-drones-hacked

A major issue in assessing the actual terrorist threat to the United States is the extent of the actual coordination between al-Qaeda affiliates and the center and the existence of common aims. Are AQ affiliates pursuing local objectives under AQ's black banners or do they seek to attack the U.S.? What do we mean when we designate a group and an AQ affiliate. It is pretty clear that al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) is the most closely linked and has, and will probably continue, to attempt to attack the US homeland. The commitment of other affiliates in this regard is less clear. Was the attack in Behngazi motivated by AQ's global objectives or was it to enhance the achievement of local objectives in the struggle for control of post-Qadaffi Libya? 

The AP's casual assertion that capturing a drone-countermeasures document in Mali (apparently widely available on jihadi websites) illustrates a disturbing level of coordination (as opposed to simple information sharing) suggests a level of threat to the US that publicly available evidence does not seem to support.

We need an objective assessment of the objectives and capabilities of AQ's affiliates - the actual level of coordination of their actions, and the threat they pose (individually and collectively) to the United States. 

Mike Pheneger, Colonel, USA (Ret.)

Obituaries

Anthony Cavendish. Anthony Cavendish , who has died aged 85, was an officer with the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS, or MI6) and later a successful journalist and merchant banker. 

The son of a doctor, Anthony John Cavendish was born in London on July 20 1927, but the family soon moved to St. Moritz, where his father was killed in a mountaineering accident in 1932. Anthony and his mother remained in Switzerland, but returned to Britain at the start of the war. Tony was educated at the Quintin School, London, which was evacuated to Cheddar in Somerset.

Cavendish grew up fluent in French, German and - very unusually for an Englishman - Swiss-German, gifts that helped take him into the Intelligence Corps when he joined the Army. In 1945 he joined Security Intelligence Middle East (SIME), MI5's regional organization based in Cairo, having been recruited by his mentor, Maurice Oldfield, who would rise to become Chief of MI6 in 1973.

SIME stretched across the eastern Mediterranean from Greece to Iraq, and supported a network of MI5 representatives, known as Defence Security Officers, who liaised with the local police, recruited informants, ran agents, monitored communications and penetrated hostile groups perceived to pose a threat to British interests. While posted in Jerusalem, Cavendish took part in operations against Jewish terrorists, in particular the Stern gang and the Irgun.

Cavendish and Oldfield served together in Egypt and Palestine until Cavendish was demobbed in July 1948, when he was interviewed for a post in the SIS counter-intelligence section designated R5. In the summer of 1950 he was posted to Hamburg to act as an escorting officer for agents destined to be infiltrated by fast boats across the Baltic into Eastern Europe. These volunteers, usually young Balts, were intended to develop resistance cells in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, but their ranks were manipulated from the outset by the KGB.

Later Cavendish would be transferred to Berlin but, after a disagreement with Donald Prater, a New Zealand academic and senior SIS officer, he moved to Vienna, where a romantic interlude with the American ambassador's daughter led to an awkward interview with the local SIS station commander, Andrew King, who terminated Cavendish's promising intelligence career. Cavendish resented his treatment by Prater and King - all the more so when he learned that both men were later suspected of having been Soviet moles, and had been required to resign from SIS.

Cavendish subsequently worked as a journalist for United Press International, and had many adventures in Warsaw, and in Budapest, where he reported on the Hungarian uprising in 1956. Later he turned to banking, but always remained close to Oldfield. [Read more: TheTelegraph/14February2013]

Bernard C. Fritz. Bernard C. Fritz, 88, a retired scientific and technical analyst with the Central Intelligence Agency, died Jan. 24 at Virginia Hospital Center in Arlington County after a heart attack. He was a resident of Arlington.

A son-in-law, Thomas Hilt, confirmed the death.

In 1949, Mr. Fritz began working in intelligence with the old Armed Forces Security Agency, the predecessor of the National Security Agency. He joined the CIA in 1951.

According to his son-in-law, an intelligence official, Mr. Fritz was among the few CIA officers who analyzed U-2 spy-plane imagery of the Soviet Union in the late 1950s.

Mr. Fritz had overseas assignments in the United Kingdom and Australia and later served as chief of the CIA�s scientific and technical operations center. He retired in 1977.

Bernard Carlton Fritz was born on a farm near Bladen, Neb. During World War II, he was part of an officer training program at Western Michigan University and near the end of the war was commissioned as a Marine Corps officer.

He graduated from Western Michigan in 1947 and later served in the Marine Corps Reserve.

He was a founding member of Reston Unitarian Universalist Church.

Survivors include his wife of 67 years, Frances Thayer Fritz of Arlington; three daughters, Rebecca Fritz of Reston, Juliana Hilt of Washington and Angela Baldwin of Petersburg, Va.; and a sister. [Read more: Schudel/WashingtonPost/27February2013]

Stephane Hessel. Stephane Hessel, 95, a concentration-camp survivor and member of the French Resistance whose 32-page book, Time for Outrage, became a best-seller and an inspiration for the left in Europe and the United States, died Tuesday in Paris.

The book came out in 2010 as a rallying cry against the gap between rich and poor. Mr. Hessel said he wanted to imbue France's youth with the fervor of those who held out against the Nazis.

Its first run was 8,000 copies. It sold millions of copies and became an inspiration for the Occupy Wall Street movement.

As a spy for the Resistance, he survived the Nazi camp at Buchenwald by assuming the identity of a French prisoner who was already dead. As a diplomat, he helped write the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights. At 93, he published a slim pamphlet that even he expected would be little more than a vanity project.

Time for Outrage tapped into a vein of discontent with capitalism and transformed him into an intellectual superstar in weeks.

Born in Germany, Mr. Hessel and his parents immigrated to France in 1924, where they settled into an avant-garde life. He fled to London to join the Resistance in 1941 but sneaked into France on a spy mission in 1944. The day before he was to be hanged, he swapped his identity with a prisoner who had died of typhus. [Read more: AP/4March2013]

John Wilpers. John Wilpers, the last known surviving member of a team of Army intelligence officers who captured the Japanese prime minister, Hideki Tojo, after World War II, foiling his attempted suicide so he could be brought to trial for his role in the attack on Pearl Harbor and other war crimes, died on Thursday in Silver Spring, Md. He was 93. 

His son Michael confirmed his death.

Though widely publicized at the time, Mr. Wilpers's role in Tojo's Sept. 11, 1945, arrest remained unknown to his wife, Marian, whom he married in 1949, and their five children, until many years afterward.

In 1976, Michael, then a junior in college, came upon an account of it in a history book. Even then, he recalled in an interview Monday, Mr. Wilpers deflected his inquiries. "Forget you ever saw it," he told his son.

When Gen. Douglas MacArthur ordered Tojo's arrest, nine days after Japan's surrender, Mr. Wilpers, a lieutenant in charge of one of the first intelligence units stationed in Tokyo, the 308th Counter Intelligence Corps detachment, knew exactly where to find him. American journalists were camped outside Tojo's house in the suburbs.

"The best way of finding Tojo was to find our own U.S. newspaper people, because they were there well ahead of us," Mr. Wilpers recalled in a 2010 interview with The Associated Press.

But whether by coincidence or because advance word had reached him, Tojo had prepared to commit suicide the day Lieutenant Wilpers and his team reached him. He had invited a doctor to attend him in his dying moments. After letting Tojo know through an interpreter that he was being taken into custody, the intelligence team heard a gunshot inside the house.

Forcing their way in, they found Tojo lying on a couch, his white shirt stained in blood from a bullet in his chest. The physician standing nearby, intending to help Tojo die, refused Lieutenant Wilpers's order to give Tojo medical help. The officers quickly found another doctor and had Tojo removed to an Army hospital, where he recovered. Later tried for war crimes, Tojo was executed in 1948.

Mr. Wilpers worked for the Central Intelligence Agency for 33 years after leaving the Army. [Read more: Vitello/NYTimes/4March2013]

Research Requests
 [IMPORTANT: AFIO does not "vet" or endorse these research inquiries or job offers. Reasonable-sounding inquiries and career offerings are published as a service to our members, and for researchers, educators, and subscribers. You are urged to exercise your usual caution and good judgment when responding or supplying any information.]

Seeks Your Declassification Experiences for Oral History Project. 

I'm a PhD student in modern US diplomatic history at Columbia University. I'm currently involved in a wide-ranging academic project with many of my peers investigating redactions in declassified documents, and the process by which diplomatic documents are declassified before being placed in public archives. 

It is my belief that some of your members may have been involved in this kind of work, and I'd like to find out if any would be interested in being interviewed for an oral history project. We are not interested in specific declassification decisions or anything like that, but as interested academic historians we would like to demystify the way in which documents reach us, and how those decisions influence our work.

Is there a way in which I could place an advertisement in your communications, whether in a Weekly Intelligence Notes email, or through Intelligencer magazine? Or are there other ways that you could recommend we go about our project? I would be very grateful for any help you feel able to provide.

Yours faithfully, David Allen,dja2132@columbia.edu, PhD Student, International and Global History, Columbia University

Review and Update your IARPA Forecasts

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