AFIO Weekly Intelligence Notes #45-17 dated 05 December 2017

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CONTENTS

Section I - INTELLIGENCE HIGHLIGHTS

Section II - CONTEXT & PRECEDENCE

Section III - COMMENTARY

Section IV - Obituaries

Obituaries

Section V - Events

Upcoming AFIO Events

Other Upcoming Events from Advertisers, Corporate Sponsors, and Others

For Additional AFIO and other Events two+ months or more... Calendar of Events 

WIN CREDITS FOR THIS ISSUE: The WIN editors thank the following special contributors:  pjk, mh, km, gh, mk, rd, fm, kc, jm, mr, jg, th and fwr. They have contributed one or more stories used in this issue.

The WIN editors attempt to include a wide range of articles and commentary in the Weekly Notes to inform and educate our readers. However, the views expressed in the articles are purely those of the authors, and in no way reflect support or endorsement from the WIN editors or the AFIO officers and staff. We welcome comments from the WIN readers on any and all articles and commentary.
CAVEATS: IMPORTANT: AFIO does not "vet" or endorse research inquiries, career announcements, or job offers. Reasonable-sounding inquiries and career offerings are published as a service to our members, and for researchers, educators, and subscribers. You are urged to exercise your usual caution and good judgment when responding, and should verify the source independently before supplying any resume, career data, or personal information.]
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Books of the Week

Spy Chiefs: Volume 1: Intelligence Leaders in the United States and United Kingdom
Spy Chiefs Vol 1by Christopher Moran, Mark Stout, Ioanna Iordanou, Paul Maddrell
(Georgetown Univ Press, Jan 2018)

This first volume of Spy Chiefs broadens and deepens our understanding of the role of intelligence leaders in foreign affairs and national security in the US and UK from the early 1940s to the present. The figures profiled range from famous spy chiefs such as William Donovan, Richard Helms, and Stewart Menzies to little-known figures such as John Grombach, who ran an intelligence organization so secret that not even President Truman knew of it. The volume tries to answer six questions arising from the spy-chief profiles: how do intelligence leaders operate in different national, institutional, and historical contexts? What role have they played in the conduct of international relations and the making of national security policy? How much power do they possess? What qualities make an effective intelligence leader? How secretive and accountable to the public have they been? Finally, does popular culture (including the media) distort or improve our understanding of them? Many of those profiled in the book served at times of turbulent change, were faced with foreign penetrations of their intelligence service, and wrestled with matters of transparency, accountability to democratically elected overseers, and adherence to the rule of law. This book will appeal to both intelligence specialists and general readers with an interest in the intelligence history of the United States and United Kingdom.
"Addressing questions about the nature, effectiveness and limits of intelligence leadership in the US and UK, this pathbreaking volume illuminates a key dimension of the knowledge-secrecy-power nexus that helps define intelligence. Original and highly informative, it provides an anatomy of intelligence leadership that will be an indispensable source for students and also points towards future research possibilities." -- Mark Phythian, University of Leicester
"The contributors to this unique volume cut through the mystique and secrecy surrounding many of the men and women who once stood at the apex of British and American intelligence. Their fascinating accounts illustrate the quirks, brilliance, and failures of the leaders who not only shaped organizational cultures, but also the role of intelligence in national policy." -- James J. Wirtz, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California

Book may be ordered here.


Spy Chiefs Vol 2Spy Chiefs: Volume 2: Intelligence Leaders in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia
by Paul Maddrell, Christopher Moran, Mark Stout
(Georgetown Univ Press, Jan 2018)

This second volume of Spy Chiefs goes beyond the commonly studied spy chiefs of the US and UK to examine leaders from Renaissance Venice to the Soviet Union, Germany, India, Egypt, and Lebanon in the twentieth century. The profiles in this book range from some of the most notorious figures in modern history, such as Feliks Dzerzhinsky and Erich Mielke, to spy chiefs in democratic West Germany and India.
"Spy Chiefs: Volume 2 is a finely-crafted book which adds a critical depth to current literature on intelligence leaders across the globe. With case studies ranging from the early-modern to the recent past it covers a broad swath yet with excellent detail over its ten well-crafted case studies. Any student or teacher of intelligence history will find this invaluable for understanding leadership, organisation and management within intelligence. It adds the depth and breadth on intelligence leadership which until now simply doesn't exist for intelligence organisations outside the Anglosphere." -- Kristian Gustafson,, Brunel University London.
Book may be ordered here.

Both volumes may be purchased as a set here.


     

Holiday Gifts for intelligence officers, other colleagues, and family

CIA EAA Store

CIA Employee Activity Association (Gift Shop)
A source for special, unusual gifts which make lasting memories

Are you getting ready for Christmas or other end of year holidays? Beat the crowds and turn up with some fascinating gifts your recipients will proudly display and keep. Where? Right here on the EAA store website. Many new items have been added. To find those new items -- the 70th Anniversary Snowflake ornament you see above, for example -- click here on "What's New" or on the tool bar when viewing the webpage.
We're sure your family and friends will be happy with the unique gifts you can get nowhere else. If you don't find exactly what you're looking for, more items are being stocked in coming weeks.

Don't delay. If you see something you like, buy now because many of these are available only in small quantities and often when an item sells out, it's gone forever. If it is something you or they would really like, buy two.
All current AFIO members have the opportunity to join the CIA Employee Activity Association. If you have not already done so, login and read the requirements and modest one-time fee.


CIA-ART 2018 Calendar

Impressive 2018 CIA Wall Calendars and Day Planners
are now available through the International Spy Museum Bookshop.

To quickly order or learn more about the 2018 CIA wall calendars or day planners use this link.

The mastermind behind the calendar and day planner project is a private citizen who runs CIA-ART.com. He worked with the curator of the CIA Museum, as he conceived and developed a collection of fine art depicting declassified missions. He arranged for independent, private artists and funded the project through private individuals and corporations willing to commission the artwor which tells the history of daring CIA missions. The final works of art were donated to CIA Headquarters where they are on permanent display.

Based on those works of art, Mr. Kirzinger created these large, nicely-printed CIA-themed wall calendars and day planners providing the background of the operations, and also filled with other images and explanations of historic documents and the outcomes of the operations.
Inspiration to have on your wall or desk top. And ideal gifts to send colleagues, friends, and others.

To order or learn more about the 2018 CIA wall calendars and day planners use this link.

To learn more about the creation of the calendars and day planners visit...www.cia-art.com


AFIO's Guide to the Study of IntelligenceAFIO's 788-page Guide to the Study of Intelligence. Peter C. Oleson, Editor, also makes a good gift.
View authors and table of contents here.

Perfect for professors, students, those considering careers in intelligence, and current/former officers seeking to see what changes are taking place across a wide spectrum of intelligence disciplines.

AFIO's Guide to the Study of Intelligence helps instructors teach about the large variety of subjects that make up the field of intelligence. This includes secondary school teachers of American History, Civics, or current events and undergraduate and graduate professors of History, Political Science, International Relations, Security Studies, and related topics, especially those with no or limited professional experience in the field. Even those who are former practitioners are likely to have only a limited knowledge of the very broad field of intelligence, as most spend their careers in one or two agencies at most and may have focused only on collection or analysis of intelligence or support to those activities.

For a printed, bound copy, it is $95 which includes Fedex shipping to a CONUS (US-based) address.
To order for shipment to a US-based CONUS address, use this online form,

To order multiple copies or for purchases going to AK, HI, other US territories, or other countries call our office at 703-790-0320 or send email to afio@afio.com to hear of shipment fees.

Order the Guide from the AFIO's store at this link.

...ORDER HERE from AFIO.

The Guide is also available directly from Amazon at this link.


MousepadAFIO's Updated 2017 Intelligence Community Mousepads have arrived.
Made in USA. Click image for larger view.

These 2017 mousepads have full color seals of all 18 members of the US Intelligence Community on this 8" round, slick surface, nonskid, rubber-backed mouse pad with a darker navy background, brighter, updated seals. Also used, by some, as swanky coasters. Price still only $20.00 for 2 pads [includes shipping to US address. Foreign shipments - we will contact you with quote.] Order NEW MOUSEPADS here.

Also available in the AFIO store are:

Roy BerkeleyA SPY'S LONDON by Roy Berkeley. Foreword by Rupert Allason (author Nigel West)

and

CIA Insider DictionaryCIA INSIDER'S DICTIONARY of US and Foreign Intelligence, Counterintelligence & Tradecraft.

 

Section I - INTELLIGENCE HIGHLIGHTS

House Intel Panel Advances NSA Spying Bill Despite Privacy Objections.  A US House panel on Friday approved legislation that would renew the National Security Agency's warrantless internet surveillance program, despite objections from the technology sector and civil liberties groups over inadequate privacy protection.

The House Intelligence Committee passed 13-8 the measure to reauthorize Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act for a further four years until 2021. The act is due to expire on Dec. 31 in the absence of congressional action.

The bill's passage signaled that Congress remained far from consensus on how to renew Section 702, as several rival bills with various new privacy provisions circulated in the House and Senate, with no clear path forward for any measure.

Intelligence agencies say Section 702 is vital to national security and protecting American allies, and the Trump administration wants minimal changes to it.  [Read More:  Volz/reuters/1Dec2017]

Malcolm Turnbull Names Spy Chief Nick Warner to Lead New Security Agency.  Australia's spy chief Nick Warner is set to lead the newly established Office of National Intelligence, part of the Coalition's powerful new Home Affairs portfolio.

Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull announced Mr Warner's appointment as director-general of the Office of National Assessments and director-general designate of national intelligence on Friday, coming amid moves to bring together Australia's security, intelligence and immigration functions under minister Peter Dutton.

The existing Office of National Assessments will subsumed by the new super department and the Australian Signals Directorate will become a stand alone agency.

Mr Warner attracted controversy in August when he posed with Philippines president Rodrigo Duterte - with the pair photographed making Mr Duterte's trademark fist-pump hand gesture.  [Read More:  Mcllroy/canberratimes/1Dec2017]

Turkey Issues Arrest Warrant for Ex-CIA Officer Over Alleged Ties to Coup Plot.  Turkey issued an arrest warrant for a former officer with the US Central Intelligence Agency on Friday over his alleged links to last year's attempted coup in the country.

Prosecutors in Ankara accuse Graham E. Fuller, the former vice chairman of the National Intelligence Council at the CIA, of violating Turkey's constitution, attempting to overthrow the government and obtaining confidential government documents for espionage purposes, according to state news agency Anadolu.

The Turkish government has blamed US-based cleric Fethullah Gulen of orchestrating the attempted uprising in July 2016.

Gulen, 76, who vehemently denies any involvement in the plot, has lived in self-imposed exile in Pennsylvania since 1999 and runs a lucrative network of charter schools.  [Read More:  Sariyuce, Said-Morrhouse/cnn/1Dec2017]

German Spy Agency Sets Sights on Balkans, Focuses on Bosnia.  The German Intelligence Agency (BND) is increasingly concerned about Islamist tendencies in Bosnia-Herzegovina, the Berliner Zeitung daily newspaper reported on Tuesday, citing sources from the intelligence community. The agency is allegedly also turning its attention to the whole of the volatile Balkan region.

For generations, the Muslim population in multi-ethnic Bosnia has adhered to a very liberal interpretation of Islam. This perspective was also reinforced by authorities in secular former Yugoslavia, which included Bosnia along with six other present day Balkan states. However, religious divisions flared up during the break up of the socialist state in the 1990's and the influence of religion has been growing ever since.

During the war, volunteers from various Middle Eastern countries traveled to the Balkans to join forces with the Muslim Bosniaks. Many of them were issued Bosnian passports after the war and went on to recruit young people for their religious struggle.

According to Tuesday's report, Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states are investing a lot of money to push a much stricter, Wahhabist teaching of Sunni Islam in the Bosnian society. Saudi charities also poured funds into building places of worship, including the King Fahd Mosque in Sarajevo, the biggest mosque in the Balkans, which is dominated by Wahhabis.  [Read More:  Janjevic/dw/28Nov2017]

Poroshenko Appoints First Deputy Head of Foreign Intelligence Service.  Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko has appointed Andriy Alekseyenko as first deputy head of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine.

The relevant decree, No.389/2017, was posted on the president's official website on November 27.

"To appoint Andriy Alekseyenko as first deputy head of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine," reads the document.

As Ukrinform earlier reported, President Poroshenko on October 17 dismissed Ihor Razinkov as first deputy head of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine.  [Read More:  ukrinform/4Dec2017]

Rutgers Receives $1.95 Million Grant to Establish a Defense Intelligence Program.  In January 2015, Rutgers became a federally-designated Intelligence Community Center for Academic Excellence (IC CAE) through a competitive $1.95 million grant from the Defense Intelligence Agency.

"(As an IC CAE) the goal (is to develop) sustainable national security and intelligence programs to educate and inform students at Rutgers University," said Ava Majlesi, the acting director of the Rutgers Center for Violence Prevention and Community Safety.

Rutgers competed against more than 50 universities for the grant and is currently the only Big Ten School to hold this distinction. As a result of the grant, Rutgers University - New Brunswick recently established a minor in Critical Intelligence Studies.

This year, recognizing student interest in the subject matter and seeking to build on their existing programs in this area, the University also established a Center for Critical Intelligence Studies (CCIS).  [Read More:  Gaudino/dailytargum/1Dec2017]

Russian Intelligence Chief Visits Israel for Meetings With Senior Security Officials.  The director of Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service, Sergey Naryshkin, reportedly visited Israel last week to meet with senior security officials for talks on Syria and Iran, Israel's Channel 10 reported.

The Russian intelligence chief reportedly met with Israeli Defense Minister Avigdor Lieberman, Mossad Director Yossi Cohen and National Security Adviser Meir Ben-Shabbat.

Naryshkin's purported visit to Israel came after Russian President Vladimir Putin, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan met in the Russian resort city of Sochi last week. The leaders agreed to establish a conference aimed at resolving the Syrian civil war and framing the "the future structure" of Syria.

During their meeting with Naryshkin, the Israeli officials reportedly stated that Israel is not bound by any agreements reached during the Sochi summit. The Israelis also reiterated Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's stance that the Jewish state is not bound by the recently negotiated ceasefire deal in southern Syria and will continue to act against Damascus in order to protect its security interests.  [Read More:  algemeiner/28Nov2017]

Zimbabwe: Intelligence, Police Officers Still Detained.  Scores of intelligence and police officers who were captured under the military's Operation Restore Legacy remain detained at unknown places as the army maintains its siege on the Zimbabwe Republic Police's Chikurubi Support Unit Camp in Harare, where the police armoury, snipers and paramilitary personnel are housed.

The operation -- which saw the military storming some ministers' houses and besieging former president Robert Mugabe at his Blue Roof mansion in Borrowdale early this month, sparked a chain of events which eventually led to the veteran dictator's resignation on November 14.

Several people, including former Home Affairs minister Ignatius Chombo, Central Intelligence Organisation director of security Albert Ngulube and Zanu PF secretary for youth Kudzanayi Chipanga were arrested and tortured during the operation.

Armed soldiers also raided the homes of former Higher Education minister Jonathan Moyo and ex-Local Government minister Saviour Kasukuwere, where they fired shots randomly.  [Read More:  allafrica/1Dec2017]



Section II - CONTEXT & PRECEDENCE

Heroism in Hostile Territory.  Although the FBI effectively shut down Nazi intelligence operations within the United States during World War II, our southern neighbors remained targets of Nazi spies, saboteurs, and smugglers throughout the war. Most of our southern neighbors were politically neutral as the war was not at their doors, but their policies tended to be anti-Nazi, providing the US with various degrees of assistance against German threats to the Allied war effort.

One of the exceptions was Argentina, which - as a result of its policies - distanced itself from the US and drew itself closer, diplomatically, to Germany. This meant that Argentina was a hotbed of intrigue, and it proved to be a tougher environment for members of the FBI's Special Intelligence Service (SIS), the US intelligence component whose mission was to identify and counter Nazi operatives in South America.

Although it obtained little official cooperation from Buenos Aires, the SIS was able to work with local officials, funneling them evidence that would result in the arrest of German operatives. To do this, the Bureau had assigned its first non-official cover agent to Buenos Aires in September 1940, and by mid-1942, agents had been assigned in an official liaison capacity to the US Embassy and two consulates. By late 1943, at the height of SIS operations, the FBI had several agents operating as official liaisons as well as 37 agents working against the Nazis in undercover positions.

These agents had their work cut out for them. Although Buenos Aires was ostensibly neutral, US Undersecretary of State Summer Welles had identified it - in 1942 - as being a base for Axis espionage operations. The Nazis were using Argentina's ambivalence to funnel their own intelligence agents into the Western Hemisphere, to enhance radio communications across South and Central America for its agents, and to smuggle strategic minerals back to Germany. The FBI needed to put a stop to all of these actions.  [Read More:  fbi/30Nov2017]

The Architecture of 21st-Century Intelligence.  To anyone who doesn't know what its name stands for, the ICC's new 40-acre campus might look like a university or new tech office. It features a striking matte copper-clad building with floor-to-ceiling glass walls. Inside, there are multiple communal lounges where employees can work, a cafeteria where they can get lunch, and a fitness center where they can stretch their legs. A 500-person auditorium accommodates large gatherings and there's a courtyard for getting a bit of fresh air.

But this isn't a startup's office or school. "ICC" stands for Intelligence Community Campus. The new face of intelligence architecture is here - and it's as familiar as it is novel.

When you think of the architecture of intelligence agencies, the operative word that comes to mind is "defense." Structures like the Pentagon, the J. Edgar Hoover Building, where the FBI is headquartered, and the George Bush Center for Intelligence, where the CIA is based, are all hulking, monolithic, and imposing structures. Their architecture intentionally evokes mystery and insularity - there's sensitive, covert work going on inside these buildings that no one else is privy to.

When James Clapper, the former director of national intelligence, commissioned the Leo A Daly-designed facility in Bethesda, Maryland, in 2012, one of his desires was to move away from the 20th-century notion of what an intelligence agency looks like architecturally. That shift stems from a new organizational structure, a new philosophy of intelligence operations, and the changing nature of security threats facing the United States in the 21st century - away from physical intelligence threats and towards cybersecurity. Those changes are articulated through the architecture of the ICC; at the same time, just because the intelligence agencies of today are building more thoughtful, open, and transparent buildings doesn't mean they're transparent in the ways that will matter to all of us.  [Read More:  Budds/fastcodesign/27Nov2017]

Ex-Spy and Retired IU Professor on the 'Intellectual Chess Game' of Espionage.  In the 43 years since Gene Coyle completed his master's degree from Indiana University Bloomington, he has had two titles: adjunct professor and international spy.

Coyle worked for the Central Intelligence Agency's Operations Directorate as a field operations officer for 30 years.

Traveling to foreign locations like Moscow and Brazil, Coyle was tasked with meeting and recruiting foreign diplomats in those countries who were willing to become sources of secret information about their own government or world events for the United States government.

"It was an intellectual chess game," he said. "I had to make them feel comfortable enough to tell me what was important in their life. If there was nothing lacking, there was no reason they were going to agree to spy, because it was dangerous."  [Read More:  Briscoe/iu/27Nov2017]

International Workshop Spotlights Information Security in Vietnam.  Speaking at the conference, Deputy Minister of Information and Communications Pham Hong Hai stressed cybercrime has become more professional, with tools designed by skillful developers under substantial funding.

Building a safe information society in Vietnam requires smart and concerted moves from public agencies, enterprises, organisations and individuals, he said.

The ministry has been carrying out measures to secure online information, including developing domestic IT services and products, raising public awareness on the issue, and improving IT human resources quality. Drills and joint work with other units have also been running more frequently.

At the seminar, participants agreed that online attacks, including those targeting government agencies and important information sources, are on the rise in terms of number and scale.  [Read More:  vietnamnet/3Dec2017]

Naval Officer Who Helped to Break the Enigma Code.  Marking the 75th anniversary of the Enigma codebooks arriving at Bletchley Park, which took place last Friday, Hugh Sebag-Montefiore has released an updated paperback version of his book Enigma: The Battle for the Code.

The writer tells the story of Lieutenant Allon Bacon, who captured the books - which were so vital in the breaking of the Enigma code - from a German U-boat.

Hugh said: "Lieutenant Allon Bacon was probably the last man the residents of West Wittering, where he lived after the war, would have linked with spying and acts of derring do. He was a very tall, modest, quiet man who kept his war record to himself."

"But when I was researching my book about the breaking of Germany's naval Enigma code, his name kept popping up, and when I traced his widow to their house in West Wittering, she handed me a brown envelope containing what he had written before he died."  [Read More:  Turner/chichester/30Nov2017]

John Profumo 'Had Relationship With Nazi Spy'.  MI5 documents suggest he had a relationship with German model Gisela Winegard in Oxford in the early 1930s.

Dr Stephen Twigge from the National Archives said this could have exposed him to blackmail.

In 1963 Profumo resigned as a minister after it was revealed he lied to MPs about his affair with Christine Keeler.

The declassified papers - published on Tuesday - were compiled by MI6, the UK's foreign intelligence service, and then given to MI5, the domestic branch of the secret services, at the height of the so-called Profumo Affair.  [Read More:  bbc/28Nov2017]

USAF's Eyes in the Sky.  Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance, important in any conflict, are mission-critical in an air war like Operation Inherent Resolve.

"We don't hop in a jet, start it up, and go look for something to take out or to bomb," noted Col. Mark S. Robinson, vice commander of the 380th Air Expeditionary Wing. "There is a whole process" that goes into that - and the ISR provided by the 380th is a big piece of the process.

The wing's 99th Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron provides ISR through two platforms: the U-2 Dragon Lady and the RQ-4 Global Hawk. Both fly at high altitude, giving them a different perspective than medium- and low-altitude platforms.

Lt. Col. Neal Hinson considers the platforms fundamental for the wars in Southwest Asia. The deputy commander of the 380th Expeditionary Operations Group, Hinson called ISR "the baseline for everything that happens in this theater," adding that the foundation "for just about everything we do in the Air Force" comes from intelligence.  [Read More:  Hlad/airforcemag/Jan2018]

Who Is Putin's Daughter? Identity of Russian President's Youngest Child Revealed: Report.  A colleague of Katerina Tikhonova from the world of acrobatic rock'n'roll has confirmed that she is the younger daughter of Russian President Vladimir Putin.

The confirmation from a World Rock'n'Roll Confederation (WRRC) official comes two years after Reuters first disclosed Tikhonova's relationship to the president and was publicly challenged post publication.

WRRC Vice President for Legal Affairs Manfred Mohab told Reuters he knew Tikhonova through their work together on the confederation's presidium.

The Kremlin and Tikhonova did not respond to requests for comment.  [Read More:  Reuters/newsweek/28Nov2017]



Section III - COMMENTARY

Mind the Millennial Training Gap.  As the need for new analysts continues to grow, the intelligence community is looking to add millennials, the largest generation in the US work force. These young people - born between about 1980 and 2000 - bring a new perspective, but teaching them the necessary skills for analysis must be done differently than it was in even the recent past. Their attitudes and thought processes are vastly different from their predecessors, requiring a new approach to intelligence training and education to make the best use of their abundant skills.

The way the intelligence education community provides coursework must be overhauled in the same way that the intelligence community had to be overhauled after 9/11. Just as the intelligence community cannot approach 21st-century issues with tools from the Cold War, it cannot teach millennials in classrooms designed in the 1950s.

Research on millennials' learning and experiences and its effect on intelligence analyst training is relatively new. But how millennials affect jobs in intelligence analysis is rooted in the long-standing debate on whether analysis is a craft or a profession. The debate may have fueled these educational challenges.

The intelligence community has had many issues with both training and framework, and these began to be voiced in the 1990s by intelligence experts and were followed by a series of intelligence reforms after 9/11. The initial solution was the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, which created the director of national intelligence as well as goals of information sharing and analytic standards, including intelligence community directives (ICDs) 203 and 610. These requirements have forced a critical evaluation of the foundational skills needed for intelligence analysts, the educational gaps, the ramifications of training in a new and evolving tradecraft paradigm, and recently, the implications of millennials as analysts.  [Read More:  Marangione/afcea/1Dec2017]

The Surveillance Operative Lurking in the Living Room.  The holiday shopping season is here once again. And this year, surveillance and espionage products have made it to the top of a surprising number of wish lists in the guise of digital home assistants. The devices already have brought microphones into as many rooms of our houses as we're willing to allow. Now, many of them come equipped with cameras as well. Despite concerns about the threat to privacy that earlier generations of the devices have posed - one product from Amazon's Alexa line carried the unfortunate name of Dox - enhanced video capability appears to be the next big thing in digital home assistants.

In the grand scheme of things, the jump from audio to video is a marginal advancement in the gadgets' ability to collect information. But for those thinking about following the products to their next frontier, this is a good opportunity to explore the relationship between service and surveillance and to take sober stock of the risks inherent with home assistant devices.

As the next generation of home assistants hits the market, the line between service and surveillance is becoming fuzzier. The issue isn't unique to electronic devices, though. Service has long provided an ideal cover for surveillance. A plausible purpose is essential to conducting surveillance without raising suspicion. Posing as a tourist, student, businessperson or jogger provides a reasonable explanation for why someone might be taking pictures of a sensitive building, requesting sensitive information, attending a conference or running on the treadmill next to you at the gym. Far more often than not, the tourist, student, businessperson or jogger is just what they appear to be. But depending on where you are, the person in question could also be an operative conducting surveillance, perhaps for a law enforcement or government-backed intelligence operation, or perhaps as part of a criminal venture or a terrorist plot.

Arguably the most common example of service as a cover for surveillance is the guard force that host countries typically deploy to protect embassies. In June 2016, a member of the Russian Federal Security Services guarding the US Embassy in Moscow blew his cover when he tackled a US diplomat trying to enter the building. (The diplomat, likewise, was probably using his post at the embassy to conceal his role with an intelligence agency.) Another service often used as cover for surveillance is that of the minder. Acting as a tour guide, escort or part of a protective detail, a minder helps keep tabs on foreign visitors. North Korea, for instance, is notorious for sending English-speaking security agents along with tourist groups to guide and monitor their activity.  [Read More:  West/stratfor/30Nov2017]

Russia Is Now Providing North Korea With Internet: What That Could Mean for Cyber Warfare.  Amid diplomatic fallout between North Korea and China, its only major trade partner, Russia is positioning itself to be a stronger North Korean ally, reaching out to provide North Korea with an internet connection. As a result, Russia may embolden North Korea to launch more destructive cyberattacks. Stronger cooperation between the two raises the possibility that they will even collaborate on cyberattacks themselves, which would be devastating for the international community.

On October 1st, 38North and Dyn Research reported that Russia began providing an internet connection to North Korea. The Russian-provided infrastructure gives Pyongyang 60% more bandwidth and a second connection to the outside world; China's Unicom company had been North Korea's sole internet provider since 2010. The construction of the new internet connection follows a September 27th meeting between DPRK and Russian foreign ministry officials in Moscow. Russia's extension of an internet connection to North Korea, as well as its reopening of a ferry route between the two, may indicate that Russia will seek sanction loopholes to strengthen their partnership.

North Korea's turn towards Russia follows Pyongyang's aggressive nuclear testing and vociferous behavior pushing China and its investments out of the country. After North Korea's sixth nuclear test, the UN Security Council passed the strictest sanctions yet on the isolated country. As a result of these sanctions, China is due to close North Korean businesses operating within China and end joint ventures between the two within 120 days.

China's compliance with new sanctions is not the only sign of tension with the DPRK. This year, Pyongyang timed its missile and nuclear tests to correspond with international meetings hosted in China. North Korea's actions seemingly were meant to embarrass China, who it believes is siding with Washington. Tensions between North Korea and China have been accelerating since Kim Jong-un took power in 2011. The following year, North Korean authorities lashed out against one of Beijing's largest mining and steel-producing companies, Xiyang Group, with whom it had signed a $40 billion deal to build an iron ore mine. North Korean officials "used violent methods" against Xiyang staff, such as depriving them of food and water, and smashing windows. North Korea eventually annulled the contract with Xiyang, after deporting employees in the dead of night.  [Read More:  Newton, Park/forbes/1Dec2017]

Spying Without Spies: Why It's so Tricky to Figure Out What North Korea Is up to.  North Korea has come a long way in a short time - from a country that couldn't feed its own people, to having high-tech weapons capable of putting the world on edge.

In response to its latest missile test on Tuesday, US Defence Secretary James Mattis said North Korea is continuing to build weapons that can "threaten everywhere in the world." He added that North Korea is endangering world peace, regional peace and "certainly the United States." 

A statement from US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said the international community must send a unified message to North Korea about ending its program to develop weapons of mass destruction.

But given the isolation and secrecy of Kim Jong-un's regime, how do we know the real state of North Korea's weapons program?  [Read More:  Ram, Arsenault/cbc/29Nov2017]



Section IV - Obituaries

Obituaries

Stuart "Stu" E. Methven, 90, a former CIA Operations Officer and Chief of Station, died 21 November 2017.
He served in the US Army from 1945 to 1947 and then earned his Bachelor's degree at Amherst College. Later obtaining his master's degree from MIT.
In 1952 he began his career with CIA. Of his agency years, some of it is featured in his 2008 book Laughter in the Shadows, a CIA Memoir which captures the spirit of those formative years at CIA, and describes his training in the clandestine arts and assignments in Jakarta, Tokyo, Laos, Vietnam, West Germany, and Kinshasa, Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo), where his station became center stage for a large covert operation that involved the Soviets and Cubans. Several of his dangerous missions which involved coups d'etat and civil wars ended with his being evacuated. Though many of these operations ended as typical US quagmires, his career is the stuff of movies.
He is survived by his wife of 39 years, Nicole Lermusieau Methven, two daughters and two sons, and other family.
Memorial services were held in Brussels, Belgium. Burial services will be held in the spring of 2018 in Hopkinton, NH. [Read More:  The Concord Monitor/legacy/29Nov2017]

Jerome Daniel Moskowitz, 93, former NSA Chief of Station and Engineer, died 20 November 2017 in Salisbury, MD.
Jerry had a 35 year career in senior positions with the National Security Agency. He worked in R/D and was a highly regarded engineer responsible for a variety of important projects. He was also effective in obtaining funding and in completing projects.
In his early NSA career he was involved in creating special miniaturized vacuum tubes and later served as the first NSA chief of station at the ADF facility in Denver when it opened in the early 70s. Jerry had been responsible for staffing the ADF before being deployed there.
When his tour at the ADF ended he returned as the chief of all NSA satellite programs. He retired in 1980 as an Electronic Engineer.
Many comments regarding his death recount how exceptional he was as a boss, colleague, and friend.
In retirement, the Moskowitzes were involved in several non profit organizations including Habitat for Humanity.
He is survived by his wife Martha Mendelsohn Moskowitz, nine children, and other family.

Francis J. Duggan, 79, Advocate for Victims' Families of 1988 Airplane Disaster Over Lockerbie, a lawyer and federal official who spent years as a pro bono advocate on behalf of families of the victims of the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, died of lung cancer on 1 November 2017 in Alexandria, VA.

On 21 Dec.1988, a bomb exploded killing all 259 people aboard Flight 103, plus 11 people on the ground, when the disabled aircraft crashed into the town of Lockerbie. The victims came from more than 20 countries.

In 1989, Mr. Duggan was named to the President's Commission on Aviation Security and Terrorism, which examined the causes of the bombing. He was the commission's liaison to the victims' families and continued to act as their pro bono advocate until his death. He eventually was named president of Victims of Pan Am Flight 103, an organization composed mostly of victims' families.  [Read more:  Schudel/washingtonpost/3December2017]

Allan Jackson English Jr, Col USA(Ret), 92, a former NSA Officer, died 24 November 2017 in Annapolis, MD.
Allan grew up in Pulaski, TN, where his father founded and operated a canning factory during the Great Depression. He attended Sewanee Military Academy, and later entered the Army Air Corps and Aviation Cadet Program before entering the United States Military Academy at West Point where he graduated in 1949. He later received his MS from George Washington University in International Affairs.
Allan served in the Korean War from 1950-51, in the 17th Infantry of the 7th Division, as a platoon leader and Company Commander. His Regiment was on the Yalu River in November 1950 when the Chinese entered the war, cutting off the Regiment. Allan was wounded in the ensuing skirmishes that eventually led to the Regiment's safe evacuation. In the fall of 1951, Allan served in the Central Highlands of Korea where he was wounded a second time.
After the war, he served as an Aide to the Commandant at West Point, in Germany as a Company Commander, and had stateside tours as a Battalion, Brigade and Group Commander. He also had tours in Vietnam, at the Pentagon and the National War College, and ended his active duty at the NSA, retiring as a Colonel in 1979 with 30 years of service.
He was awarded the Legion of Merit, the Meritorious Service Medal, Army Commendation Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster, and two awards of the Purple Heart.
In retirement he worked as a real estate investor and entrepreneur. He founded the West Point Society of Annapolis, was an active member of the US Naval Academy Foundation, and sponsor of many USNA Midshipmen, who became and remain an important part of his extended family.
He is survived by a daughter and other family.

Peter J. Kessler, 75, aka "PJK" "udorn" who served with Special Operations Forces (then Special Air Warfare Center) detached personnel in Udorn AB Thailand, during the "secret war" in Laos, died 6 November 2017 in Pensacola, FL of complications of COPD and peneumonia.
He was born in Bronx, NY, and served in the US Air Force assisting CIA and special forces air operations in Laos from 1955-1974 during that secret war.
In retirement, Kessler was a longtime AFIO member and actively supported the Weekly Notes by sending useful intel-related news items for consideration. He was also an active member of the Air Commando Association and other military and veteran associations.
His wife predeceased him. His brother, Eric, took care of him as ill health lessened his ability to serve the nation. No obituary is expected.

Grant Hayao Ichikawa, 98, a former senior CIA and Military Intelligence Officer, who with his family was interned in a US camp for enemy aliens during WWII, died 2 December 2017 in Vienna, VA.

He was born in Suisun, CA, near San Francisco, and grew up in a primitive, four-room farmhouse, which had a Japanese-style bath attached, wood stove, and only cold water.
In May 1941 he was graduated from the University of California-Berkeley in accounting. On 19 February 1942, President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 which saw Japanese-American citizens as potential enemy aliens and had them evacuated from their homes to relocation camps, an experience Ichikawa continued to find painful for all his days. Ichikawa and his family were sent to the Gila River Relocation Center. At that camp he volunteered for the Military Intelligence Service and was sent to Fort Snelling (MN) and Fort Savage (MN) where he was trained to be an Infantry soldier and a linguist. His group was placed on a luxurious troop ship which took them to Australia in 1944 to a base just outside Brisbane which housed the Allied Translator and Interpreter Service ATIS. Because his Japanese was not good, he was assigned to the Interrogation Section.
In 1945 the ATIS moved to Manila on a Liberty ship. He became a commissioned officer in 1945, and served in the 38th Division rounding up Japanese prisoners, stragglers, before the war ended shortly after the dropping of the A-bombs. After Japan surrendered, ATIS was transferred to Tokyo and he was assigned to the US Strategic Bomb Survey Unit which included scientists, mathematicians, and physicists. They conducted post-bomb surveys, traveling to Hiroshima first and then Nagasaki. He was reassigned to ATIS's Language Training Section, Assignment Section, handling all linguists, testing, and assigning them to units all over Japan, Korea, and Okinawa.
He left military service in 1947, but was recalled in 1950 to serve in Korea but was asked to serve in Hokkaido, Japan, and reported to the Sapporo Counter Intelligence Corps. He was convinced that the CIA spotted him and played a role in his being sent to CIC for vetting purposes. His new job was to interrogate Japanese repatriates from Sakhalin, because many of them were given espionage missions. He uncovered a number of them.
CIA liked his work and he began working as an employee for CIA in 1953, remaining in Japan for two years before becoming Acting Base Chief just prior to returning to Langley for training. After a year of training his new post put him in Tokyo collecting intelligence on the Japanese progress in various fields. After another foreign tour he returned stateside in 1961.
During the 1960s, he spent time in Indonesia in two significant tours as CIA kept an eye on the pro-Communist president Sukarno and the various coups, communist plots, and then muslim counter-demonstrations which swept the countries -- Java, Borneo, Sumatra, West Irian, Bali, many islands -- making up modern Indonesia. While on assignment in Djakarta, he met with William Colby, who later to became CIA Director, and took him to meet principal and high level agents assisting America. He was impressed by Colby's nonchalance and expectation of no special treatment.
In 1968 he returned to headquarters as head of the Korean Desk, supporting the station in Seoul. He then served in Saigon, Vietnam, working with the police and intelligence service. He departed that country a few years later, in defeat, on one of the final helicopters. Quoted in a Library of Congress 2003 audio interview, Ichikawa said: "I began to wonder thinking of the fifty thousand odd US Army soldiers who died in Vietnam. Here we are just giving up. Leaving like a dog with his tail behind his legs. It depressed me to think that we were leaving Vietnam like this, like a coward. I just wondered 'Why were we in Vietnam in the first place?' If we were going to fight a war, let's fight to win." Depressed and dispirited, he retired from CIA at age 56. He received medals for his heroism and service in Indonesia and Vietnam.
In retirement he helped many Japanese-Americans and their associations, particularly the Japanese American Veterans Association JAVA. He expended must of his time helping indigenous assets settle in the US after retirement. 


Section V - Events

AFIO EDUCATIONAL EVENTS IN COMING TWO MONTHS....

Tuesday, 12 December 2017, noon - MacDill AFB, FL - The Florida Suncoast Chapter event features Juan Rivera, Operations Officer CIA.

Juan R. Rivera is the featured end-of-year speaker at this Suncoast Chapter event. Rivera was a Senior Operations Officer in CIA up to his retirement on 31 December 2006. During his career he served mostly in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. He had permanent tours of duty in Venezuela, Guatemala, and Dominican Republic, and travelled frequently between CIA Headquarters and these overseas assignments. He also has nearly two decades of experience working against major drug trafficking organizations operating in these areas. From the summer of 2002 until his retirement he served as CIA's liaison and Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) and Director of National Intelligence (DNI) representative to the United States Central Command (USCENTCOM) at MacDill Air Force Base in Tampa, FL. Mr. Rivera served in the US Army from 1966 to 1969 and, as an infantryman, fought in the Vietnam War where he was wounded twice during separate combat actions.
Location: Surf's Edge Club, MacDill AFB
Fee: $20. Seating is limited.
TO ATTEND: If interested in attending, contact Chapter secretary Michael Shapiro at michaels@suncoastafio.org ASAP.



Other Upcoming Events from Advertisers, Corporate Sponsors, and Others

Friday, 8 December 2017, 1-4pm - Washington, DC - James Rosen: High Hand - at the International Spy Museum

Espionage, political machinations, oil, secretly funded high-tech weapons of intelligence, ghosts of the Cold War, murder, and poker. James Rosen, Curtis Harris & James Ellenberger are the co-authors of High Hand and wrote under the single pseudonym Curtis J. James. Join the author James Rosen for an in-store Spy Museum Store signing of this spy thriller and join in the discussion on how spies, journalists, union leaders, and politicians intertwine as well as the extraordinary ways that advanced technology could be used in the pursuit of surveillance and interrogation. Event is free.
Visit www.spymuseum.org.

Tuesday, 12 December 2017, 7 pm - McLean, VA - Professor Hassan Abbas discusses "The Taliban Revival: Violence and Extremism on the Afghan-Pakistan Frontier" at the Westminster Institute

Hassan Abbas, Professor of International Security Studies and Chair of the Department of Regional and Analytical Studies at National Defense University's College of International Security Affairs (CISA), discusses The Taliban Revival: Violence and Extremism on the Afghan-Pakistan Frontier. Aside from his expertise on Pakistan and Afghanistan, he also travels frequently to Iraq for research work on Hashd al-Shaabi (also known as Popular Mobilization Forces/Shia Militias). Along with addressing the main topic of the Taliban revival, he will compare and contrast Taliban and Hashd.
When: Reception at 7pm; presentation 7:30 to 8:45pm.
Where: Westminster Institute, 6729 Curran St, McLean, VA 22101
Register here.

Sunday, 17 December 2017, 1-4pm - Washington, DC - Curtis Harris: High Hand - at the International Spy Museum

Espionage, political machinations, oil, secretly funded high-tech weapons of intelligence, ghosts of the Cold War, murder, and poker. Who could want more in a summer read? James Rosen, Curtis Harris & James Ellenberger are the co-authors of High Hand and wrote under the single pseudonym Curtis J. James. Join the co-authors Curtis Harris for an in'store Spy Museum Store signing and join in the discussion on how spies, journalists, union leaders, and politicians and politicians intertwine to the extraordinary ways that advanced technology could be used in the pursuit of surveillance and interrogation. This is a high octane spy thriller! Event is free.
Visit www.spymuseum.org
.


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